Included in the modern flintknapping toolkit are large wooden billets, hammerstones, grinding stones, and antler.

Fruitwood billets are an effective tool in the primary reduction of meta-rhyolite cores. Due to the high sugar content in fruitwoods, these billets are resistant to excessive damage.

Local raw materials include meta-rhyolites and tuffs. As a major source of raw material, the Uwharries region contains numerous, productive outcrops most notably Three-Hat Mountain and Morrow Mountain.

Local metarhyolites are variable in grain size and inclusions. Above is a fine-grained metarhyolite with little to no inclusions. (Courtesy of Mike Hill)

Feldspar and pyrite are common inclusions in local rhyolites. (Courtesy of Mike HIll)

After initial decortication, primary lithic reduction and biface thinning of meta-rhyolites utilizes wooden billets.

Pressure flaking, generally with antler, is utilized during final stages of thinning and retouch.